Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling in Islam: A Value-Driven Approach to Organizational Management

Abstrak

This paper explores the implementation of the core management functions planning, organizing, leading, and controlling within an Islamic framework. Using a qualitative library research methodology, the study synthesizes insights from primary Islamic texts (Qur’an and Hadith), classical administrative models from Islamic history, and contemporary Islamic management literature. The use of library research methodology was chosen to provide a deep textual analysis of Islamic sources and management literature, offering a comprehensive understanding of how foundational Islamic principles inform modern management practices. The results highlight that Islamic management is grounded in tawhid (monotheism), amanah (accountability), and maslahah (public interest), creating a system that integrates operational efficiency with spiritual and moral values. Planning in Islam is anticipatory and data-driven, as exemplified by Prophet Yusuf’s strategy during famine. Organizing prioritizes competence and fairness, reflecting the Prophetic model of delegation. Leadership (at-taujih) combines ethical guidance and collective consultation (shura), while controlling (al-riqabah) spans divine oversight, self-monitoring, and social accountability. These elements work together to form a comprehensive model of ethical governance that promotes both individual integrity and institutional excellence. The study concludes that Islamic management offers a practical and morally grounded alternative to secular models and recommends further empirical research into its modern applications.