From Experience to Endorsement: Determinants of Satisfaction and Intention to Recommend International Student Mobility
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Abstract
Studying abroad brings valuable experiences and benefits, not just for the students themselves, but also for the home and host countries. While these opportunities provide global exposure and help build human capital, many students still face hurdles. Challenges such as high living expenses, a lack of emotional and academic support, and difficulties adjusting to new cultures can impact their level of satisfaction and whether they would recommend the program to others. This study aims to examine the influence of physical (environment, cost, and personal safety) and social factors (emotional support, ethical conduct, and student–lecturer attachment) on Indonesian students’ satisfaction with international mobility programs, and how satisfaction impacts their intention to recommend these programs to others. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected from 202 Indonesian students who had participated in international mobility programs in the last 4 years through purposive sampling. An online questionnaire, adapted from validated instruments, was distributed via digital platforms. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results show that physical environment, emotional support, and student–lecturer attachment significantly contribute to student satisfaction. In contrast, cost, personal safety, and ethical conduct do not have a significant effect. Furthermore, student satisfaction positively influences their intention to recommend the mobility program. These results indicate that stakeholders should view students not only as beneficiaries but also as potential ambassadors. It is important to develop platforms for alumni to share their stories, mentor prospective applicants, or participate in outreach, which can help amplify the program’s impact.
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